Contracts

The “market” for AI contracting terms continues to evolve, and whilst there is no standardised approach (as much will depend on the use cases, technical features and commercial terms), a number of attempts have been made to put forward contracting models. One of the latest being from the EU’s Community of Practice on Public Procurement of AI, which published an updated version of its non-binding EU AI Model Contractual Clauses (“MCC-AI”) on March 5, 2025. The MCC-AI are template contractual clauses intended to be used by public organizations that procure AI systems developed by external suppliers.  An initial draft had been published in September 2023.  This latest version has been updated to align with the EU AI Act, which entered into force on August 1, 2024 but whose terms apply gradually in a staggered manner.  Two templates are available: one for public procurement of “high-risk” AI systems, and another for non-high-risk AI systems. A commentary, which provides guidance on how to use the MCC-AI, is also available.Continue Reading EU’s Community of Practice Publishes Updated AI Model Contractual Clauses

On April 24, 2019, the Supreme Court issued its opinion in Lamps Plus, Inc., et al. v. Varela, addressing the question of whether an ambiguous arbitration agreement can be read to compel class arbitration under the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. §§ 1-16 (2000). Underscoring the controversial nature of this decision, the case was decided by a 5-4 split that included dissenting opinions authored by Justices Ginsburg, Breyer, Sotomayor, and Kagan. The majority opinion, authored by Chief Justice Roberts, held that contract ambiguity did not suffice to compel class arbitration.
Continue Reading U.S. Supreme Court Affirms the Necessity of Express Authorization for Class Arbitration

On 13 September, the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) published draft guidance on GDPR contracts and liabilities on contracts between controllers and processors under the GDPR (the “Guidance”).  The ICO is consulting on the Guidance until 10 October.  We summarize the key aspects of the Guidance below.
Continue Reading GDPR Contracts and Liabilities Between Controllers and Processors

As of March 1, 2012, all companies storing the personal information of Massachusetts residents with a third-party service provider must contractually require the service provider to maintain data security measures “consistent” with the Massachusetts data security regulations.  (You can read our overview of these regulations here.)

Among other things…

Continue Reading Mass. Data Security Regulation Governing Service Provider Contracts Takes Effect Soon

Denying the motion of the defendant internet service provider, Clearwire, to compel arbitration, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington held last week that Clearwire’s e-mail confirmation to the plaintiffs was inadequate notice of the terms of service.  This e-mail confirmation included, on the third page of the e-mail, a link to…

Continue Reading Federal Court Holds Terms of Service Disclosed via Link to ISP’s Home Page Not Reasonably Conspicuous

By Christine Enemark

To some customers of computing storage, processing and online services, the “cloud” seems no different from the traditional information technology services they have used for years.  Amazon’s cloud computing outage last week, and the associated downtime and data loss suffered by a number of Internet web sites…

Continue Reading Cloud Outages Highlight Contractual Risk